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خوابهای ایرانی
درست بیست و پنج سال پیش بود که در مسابقات هنری دانش آموزان کشور با حامد بهروزکار آشنا شدم. واسطهی این آشنایی، نقاشیای از او بود. یک کپی برابر با اصل از یکی از عکسهای نصراله کسرائیان که با پاستلگچی کشیده بود. شاید حاصل تعریفی از نقاشی در روزهای جوانی، که میبایست تا حد نهایت واقعگرایانه باشد یا شاید هم نتیجهی جذبهای ناخودآگاه به یک تصویر بومی. حامد بهروزکاری که آنروزها میشناختم علاقه یا شاید تعصب عجیبی به هنرهای ایرانی داشت. ازشعر و خط فارسی گرفته تا صنایع دستی. از نگارگری و کتابآرایی ایرانی تا معماری سنتی و مذهبی و البته در پس زمینه همهی اینها همواره موسیقی ایرانی هم شنیده میشد.
لطیفهی زندگی اینکه کسی مثل او برای تحصیل رشته نقاشی سر از اصفهان درآورد تا مشعوف شهری شود که عصارهی تاریخی همهی اینها بود، تا جاییکه سفر تحصیلی چند سالهاش به اقامتی چهارده، پانزده ساله بدل شد. و لطیفهی هنر اینکه انگار هنرمندان، همهی عمر به دلمشغولیهایشان وفادار میمانند یا دلمشغولیهایشان آنها را رهانمیکند. دستکم حامد بهروزکاری که من در این ربع قرن میشناسم اینطوری است. حرکتاش از واقعگرایی روزهای جوانی، به انتزاعی رسید که حالا در معرض تماشای ما است اما از دید من به عنوان یک بینندهی عادی علاقمند، همچنان شامل همان دلمشغولیهای همیشگی است.
در ترکیب بندیهایی که گاه نگارگری و گاهی معماری ایرانی اسلامی را تداعی میکند، نقشهایی را میبینم که شاکلهی اصلی شان از حروفی به خط نستعلیق میآید اما نه خطاند و نه خوشنویسی. گاهی هم مُهرهای قدیمی و تکههای کاشیمانند مکرری در کنار هم مینشینند تا تصویری بسازند که همهی اینها هست و چیزی بیشتر را هم روایت میکند. نقاشیهایی که با کنارهم قرارگرفتن بیشمار جزئیات، کل بزرگی را شکل میدهند تا یادآور سنت هنری کهن این سرزمین باشند، از کاشیکاری و نگارگری گرفته تا سیاه مشق و فرش و خاتم.
عنصر اصلی خوابهای ایرانی بهروزکار درخت ها هستند. درختهایی که گاه از باغایرانی میآیند و گاه از نگارگری، اما به انتزاعی امروزی رسیدهاند. حتی آدمهایش هم تداعی کنندهی درختها هستند، درختهایی که از آدمهای خوابیده شکل گرفتهاند و ما را به خوابهای نقاش میبرند. خوابهایی که روشن و رنگیناند و مثل همان سالهای جوانی همچنان پر از امید و خوشبینی. شاید هم برای آنکه در بیداریاش اینطور ساعتها، روزها و ماههای متمادی را صرف کیمیای آفرینش یکخواب پر از جزئیات میکند، خوابها باید شیرین باشند.
بهنام بهزادی
Iranian Dreams
It was exactly twenty-five years ago when I become acquainted with Hamed Behrouzkar in Student Art Competition. It was due to one of his painting. It was a certified copy of a Nasrolah Kasraeian’s photo that was painted by pastels. Perhaps it was because of a definition of painting among youngsters, which must be realistic to the end, or maybe it was because of an unconscious attraction to a local image that I was attracted to his work. Hamed Behrouzkar was interested in Iranian Art very much as I knew him those days. He was interested in Persian poetry and calligraphy as well as handicrafts. He was also interested in Iranian miniature and book illustration, traditional and religious architecture. In addition, Iranian music was always heard at the background.
Ironically he studied Painting in Isfahan to be fallen in love with the city which includes all these arts. So he was fascinated by this city as far as he lived fourteen to fifteen years there instead of a few-years of study accommodation. It is interesting about art that artists remain loyal to their concerns whole their lives or in other words their concerns don’t let them go. At least, Hamed Behrouzkar is such an artist as I know him in a quarter of a century. He moved from Realism of youngster days toward such an Abstractionism which is in front of us now. But from my viewpoint as an interested amateur viewer, his works are included those old concerns.
In compositions that sometimes associate miniature and sometimes evoke Islamic-Iranian architecture, we can see patterns that the main formation of them are given from Nasta'liq but are neither script nor calligraphy. Moreover, some repeated old stamps and some tiled pieces come next to each other to create an image which is both, all of them, and narrates something beyond them all. These paintings are formed by putting bunch of details next to each other to create a great whole remembering the old artistic tradition of this homeland. These details include tiling, miniature, calligraphy, carpeting and Khatam.
The main element of Iranian Dreams by Behrouzkar are trees. These trees are sometimes originated from Iranian Gardens and sometimes from miniatures but they have reached a modern Abstractionism. Even men associate trees. These trees are formed from lying men and take us to the painter’s dreams. Dreams which are bright and colorful, and like those youngster days full of hope and optimism. These sweet dreams might be formed because of the fact that he spends many hours, days and months in his awakening to create a dream full of details.
Behnam Behzadi
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Overview and HistoryTehran is the capital of Iran and the largest city in the Middle East, with a population of fifteen million people living under the peaks of the Alborz mountain range.Although archaeological evidence places human activity around Tehran back into the years 6000BC, the city was not mentioned in any writings until much later, in the thirteenth century. It's a relatively new city by Iranian standards.But Tehran was a well-known village in the ninth century. It grew rapidly when its neighboring city, Rhages, was destroyed by Mongolian raiders. Many people fled to Tehran.In the seventeenth century Tehran became home to the rulers of the Safavid Dynasty. This is the period when the wall around the city was first constructed. Tehran became the capital of Iran in 1795 and amazingly fast growth followed over the next two hundred years.The recent history of Tehran saw construction of apartment complexes and wide avenues in place of the old Persian gardens, to the detriment of the city's cultural history.The city at present is laid out in two general parts. Northern Tehran is more cosmopolitan and expensive, southern Tehran is cheaper and gets the name "downtown."Getting ThereMehrabad airport is the original one which is currently in the process of being replaced by Imam Khomeini International Airport. The new one is farther away from the city but it now receives all the international traffic, so allow an extra hour to get there or back.TransportationTehran driving can be a wild free-for-all like some South American cities, so get ready for shared taxis, confusing bus routes and a brand new shiny metro system to make it all better. To be fair, there is a great highway system here.The metro has four lines, tickets cost 2000IR, and they have segregated cars. The women-only carriages are the last two at the end, FYI.Taxis come in two flavors, shared and private. Private taxis are more expensive but easier to manage for the visiting traveler. Tehran has a mean rush hour starting at seven AM and lasting until 8PM in its evening version. Solution? Motorcycle taxis! They cut through the traffic and any spare nerves you might have left.People and CultureMore than sixty percent of Tehranis were born outside of the city, making it as ethnically and linguistically diverse as the country itself. Tehran is the most secular and liberal city in Iran and as such it attracts students from all over the country.Things to do, RecommendationsTake the metro to the Tehran Bazaar at the stop "Panzda Gordad". There you can find anything and everything -- shoes, clothes, food, gold, machines and more. Just for the sight of it alone you should take a trip there.If you like being outside, go to Darband and drink tea in a traditional setting. Tehranis love a good picnic and there are plenty of parks to enjoy. Try Mellat park on a friday (fridays are public holidays), or maybe Park Daneshjou, Saaii or Jamshidieh.Remember to go upstairs and have a look around, always always always! The Azadi Tower should fit the bill; it was constructed to commemorate the 2500th anniversary of the Persian Empire.Tehran is also full of museums such as:the Contemporary Art Museumthe Abghine Musuem (glass works)the 19th century Golestan Royal Palace museumthe museum of carpets (!!!)Reza Abbasi Museum of extraordinary miniaturesand most stunning of all,the Crown Jewels Museum which holds the largest pink diamond in the world and many other jaw-dropping jewels.Text by Steve Smith.