Mogao Caves are the nation key Cultural relic preservation organ, is named Thousand Buddhas Cave, was honored as the most valueable culture to discover in the 20th century, was situated in Gansu Corridor west end Dunhuang, and made an idol world famous by the fine mural. It builds in 16 country's former Qin times, after 16 countries, the Northern Dynasty, the Sui Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty, Five Dynasties, the Xixia, the Yuan and so on all previous dynasties constructions, forms the huge scale, existing cavern 735, the mural 45,000 square meters, argillaceous painted sculpture 2415, are in the world the extant scale are biggest, the content richest Buddhism art Holy Land. Since the modern times had discovered the Buddhist scriptures hole, in had more than 50,000 ancient times cultural relics, from this grew the special study Buddhist scriptures hole ancient book and Dunhuang art discipline - - Dunhuang studies. But in the modern times, Mogao Caves receives swindles, the burglary, the cultural relic drains massively, its buried treasure encounters the heavy damage. in 1961, Mogao Caves are announced one of for first batch of national key Cultural relic preservation organs. in 1987, Mogao Caves are listed as the world culture inheritance. Is Chinese one of four big rock caves.