The first and second Balkan War Zlatiborci were deployed in the famous IV Infantry Regiment "Stefan Nemanja", which belonged to the Drina division with which they took a great victory in the Battle of Kumanovo and Bitola. Bulgarian attack on Serbia, Fourth Regiment "Stefan Nemanja" was involved in a battle in the Bregalnica. Whirlwind World War I and the Austro-Hungarian occupation also occurred in Zlatibor. The war has brought destruction and suffering of the population, infectious disease and the famine. After winning the Thessaloniki front and the liberation of Zlatibor and all of Serbia entered the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, later Kingdom of Yugoslavia. By attacking the German occupation forces 6th April 1941. The kingdom of Yugoslavia, Zlatibor came under German fire but soon opkupaciju national liberation struggle brought the end of this short-term freedom. From September to November 1941. The Zlatibor is a part of "Guns Of War", the only free territory in occupied Europe. After the fall of "Guns Of" Zlatibor end he found himself again under the German, and Bulgarian occupation and was accompanied by material razarnja, robberies and shootings of civilians.
After the liberation of the people's government established in all municipalities and Zlatibor Zlatibor is titovoužičkog entered the region. After the disintegration of Yugoslavia and all social and political events, today Zlatibor end its mostly belongs to the municipality Čajetina (Đenić, 1983).
It is believed that the name comes from the white pine trees with yellow Cetina, the color of old gold, which used to cover the rolling slopes of Zlatibor. The scientific name is pine Pinus silvestris variegata zlatiborica.
Another legend says it was named after Zlatibor rich with pine forests, which settlers from Montenegro and Herzegovina were the main source of income. They used this timber, but it made the pitch, and lamps that were sold in Serbia, and Dalmatia, and for them the tree was worth gold. In the story he was always boasted: "Zlatan is the tree!
The third legend says was named after the pastures (pastures) in the autumn which become yellow, the color of gold.
Which of these legends true judge alone, or come to Zlatibor. Maybe you'll hear a song pines new story.
During the Turkish occupation of the wealthy families Uzice, novovaroških and beg Priboj spent the summer in Čardaci on their pastures, and is preserved by the fact that the rich Sarajevo merchant Haji Nikola Selak 1750th The summer house built of pine brvana the guide, which shows that already at that time Zlatibor used for rest and recovery. The liberated Serbia, rather than beg and pilgrims spend the summer in Zlatibor Uzice wealthy family of merchants, who are on their own or rented pastures and huts built for the holiday (S Čenić., 2009).
Since ancient times, known for healing, and was implicated in the Serbian press. Trade Gazette 1892nd The report, "Zlatibor is a very healthy place. Reconvalescents come here and who are inclined to suffer from various lung diseases. They point to many doctors and does well ... And for a completely healthy it is good to spend some time here in the fresh air, because a man is reborn clean and feels much easier and happier when they spend some time here. What is most unpleasant and najneudesnije it is in the Zlatibor there is nowhere for any home or building, that one can noćivati, to take shelter from the rain, except cottage as the executioner of trade, but they are just shopping for boys "(S Čenić., 2009 ).
For the beginning of organized tourism development is taken 1893rd years and the visit of King Aleksandar Obrenovic. Namely, the king's official visit protocol Uzice, planned a spring lunch Polish Kulaševac on Zlatibor. Many bills to prove that, in all, was a remarkable event, and the king was prepared to welcome a memorable. On behalf Zlatiborac, President Peter Micic Čajetinska municipality maintains a toast and asked the rulers to let the water Kulaševac since then called King's Water, "and that this is an inexhaustible source of perpetual memory of the king's arrival to hotel." So Kulaševac given a new name, and the following year raised the fountain, on whose board was engraved: "King Alexander and 20 August 1893rd "It was the first brick building in this part of Zlatibor. In 1931. The king Water (now Zlatibor village) was granted by the water supply tap water and tap water Đurkovac built by King Aleksandar pumps performed in a tank.
On this mountain the 1908th Another, the king of Serbia, and that is Peter I Karadjordjevic. He first came to this mountain for health reasons, but so loved the Zlatibor later with friends more often came to this mountain beauty. During his first visit to the 1908th The first buildings were built in Zlatibor: hotel "Water King" today is a restaurant "Serbian" above the lake, the villa "Čigota" and a bakery. Then begins the development of tourism mondenskog, because if you can kings to rest on this mountain, why could not the others, who have enough money for it, but free time. Construction begins summer houses. Most of these buildings built between the two world wars and at four sites: Ribnica, King's Water, palisades and around. During World War II, many of the buildings are damaged or destroyed, and now there's incentive to 16 buildings and villas, placed under state protection, and to proclaim monuments. Zlatibor is just a fairy Aleksandar Pavlovic, known as "Tito's villa," now resort RTS, was declared a cultural monument.
WOMEN'S COSTUMESAnd girls and women wore a long shirt, dinar type of sew konopljanog ("thick" - "težinjavog Beza"), followed by flax - "ćetenovog Beza," a holiday from polupamučnog ("podatkanog" and "cotton Beza" ) screen.
From the upper parts of wearing apparel is a short, black hemp waistcoat "vest" and through it white hemp "zubun" below the belt while the front apron placed close "prežina". Obuvane are black, embroidered socks and "built" diaper. The girls were in two braids očešljane wrapped around his head, and holidays to put a shallow red "Fesić", while the neck worn down by gold or silver worn novca.Zimi long pleated wool skirt, and over suknenog "vest", or "bra pamuklije" dressed "blanket", a short hemp tunic with long sleeves. Some women are still dressed and long white hemp "aljina" over all suits. As part of the bride and holiday costumes wealthy people had libade and silk belt "bojader". One of the main features of women's dress was the head cover.
He wore the jewelry and dried fruit plant, usually a necklace of "Karavilje", which when wet scents (Bjeladinović-Jergic, Ćaldović, 2007).
MEN'S COSTUMES
The mandatory parts of the male costumes are "shirt" and "pants", and colorful wool "belt", especially given feature "pelengiri" or "pelengaće" broad-pants kind of woolen fabric (pelengiri) or linen (pelengaće) white or brown color . From the above articles of clothing are worn "zubunić" or "gunjic", then "đečerma", "džamadan" and "blanket." On their heads they wore a red fez ("washing") with tassel, knitted woolen black cap "Subaru" and after the Serbo-Turkish war in the eighties of the nineteenth century more and folk hat. In winter they wrapped around the cap woven woolen shawl, is worn in the summer and straw hat. Through these articles of clothing is a red raincoat ogrtana which people usually wear when traveling on horseback. From shoes were worn socks, priglavci, nipple, "prijesni", "red" and "diaper built" the same as in the women's costumes are made of cloth "tozluke" or "leggings" (Bjeladinović, Ćaldović, 2007).
Song and Dance of Zlatibor
The name of the game while singing or playing a round, and circulation (kolalice, pendulum). the first player in school is the ringleader, and the last holding area. Word Ace, the last player in the circuit, used in recent years. In the past, to run schools often said driver circuit, while kolovođira to enter into a round vatati says the round. (Vasic, 1990).
Musical accompaniment. National players of the Uzice region using a flute (flute), dvojenice and paljku the list, but the instruments of industrial production. The Zlatibor villages and played to the accompaniment paljki and drum. Paljka as the name for the gourd, and indicates the name of national musical instrument in the Zlatibor region. He appears here in two forms, as a gourd in which the hooking his mouthpiece klarinetskog type of calls made, or instrument which is designed as a simple imitation of the clarinet as "imported" instruments, accordion and clarinet also found their place in local music practice. We should mention bleh orchestra (trumpet), who eventually reported in the Zlatibor between the two world wars, its full significance There are 60 of the last century, founding the famous Dragačevo, and later the western Serbian Trumpet Festival (Golemović, 2007 ).
Folk dance
The entire repertoire of folk dances of Zlatibor, could be grouped:
- Orsk games (ritual and entertainment);
- Settled the game with;
- Shepherd Dances;
- Children's games (Vasic, 1990).
Among the games Orsk important place belongs to the ritual games with the effects seen in the wedding ceremony, which is designed to protect the future of marriage spells, while in the mortuary ritual should enable the deceased and the relationship with "this" world and that the deceased "wash "on" one "world. Fairs are held during preslava, church holidays, after Krstonoše processions and dances most Saturdays. The poselu and layout are played when the job is done.
Games pose, and the shepherd children's games did not have musical accompaniment. Participants čobanskih games or games with a pose, they were mostly young people so they could run foul and obscene jokes, or guys are competing to get sympathy or girls proved their skill and strength.
No matter how much they were busy with work, children and found time to play. Favorite children's games are tutumiša, children, turn a blind eye. Tutumiš is the same as today's popular children's game corava grandmother. These children play around the Uzice region (Vasic, 1990).
Photo: Panorame Srbije by Saša S. from Soko Banja spa in Serbia